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About 2 million Muslims complete the hajj each year. About 80%, arrive by air at a massive terminal near Jeddah. The government of Saudi Arabia has contributed significant resources to maintain the holy places and manage the crowd of pilgrims.
With such a vast number of people in one place at one time, failures of crowd control and other problems have sometimes led to disaster. Some of the recent tragedies associated with the hajj have included:

• On July 31, 1987, Iranian pilgrims riot, causing the deaths of over 400 people.
• On July 9, 1989, two bombs exploded, killing one pilgrim and wounding another 16. Saudi authorities beheaded 16 Kuwaiti Shiite Muslims for bombings after originally blaming Iranian terrorists.
• On July 2, 1990, a stampede inside a pedestrian tunnel leading to Mecca led to the deaths of 1402 pilgrims.
• In 1994, another stampede killed 270 pilgrims.
• On February 1, 2004, 244 Muslim pilgrims were killed and another 244 injured in a stampede during the stoning of the devil ritual.